Climate / Iklim

Indonesia has a tropical wet climate influenced by monsoon winds west and east monsoons. From November to May, the wind blowing from North-West direction brings a lot of water vapor and rain in the area of ​​Indonesia, from June to October the wind was blowing from the South-East dry, bringing little water vapor. Temperatures in the lowlands of Indonesia ranges between 23 degrees Celsius to 28 degrees Celsius throughout the year.

But the temperature is also very bevariasi; from an average of nearly 40 degrees Celsius in the dry season in the valley of Palu – Sulawesi, and on the island of Timor to below 0 degrees Celsius in Jayawijaya Mountains – Irian. There is perennial snow on the summits of mountains in Irian: Trikora Peak (Mt. Wilhelmina – 4730 m) and Puncak Jaya (Mt. Carstenz, 5030 m).

There are two seasons in Indonesia is the rainy season and dry season, known in some places the transition season, the season between the two seasons are changing.

Rainfall in Indonesia on average 1600 mm a year, but also highly variable; from more than 7000 millimeters a year to about 500 millimeters a year in Palu and East regions. Areas the average rainfall is high throughout the year is Aceh, West Sumatra, North Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, Bengkulu, West Java in part, West Kalimantan, North Sulawesi, Maluku and Irian Mamberamo delta.

Every 3 to 5 years once frequent El-Nino weather aberrations that cause the symptoms of a long dry season and short rainy season. After the El Nino is usually followed by La Nina resulting in a heavy rainy season and longer than usual. El Nino strength varies depending on various factors, including the southern oscillation index, or Southern Oscillation.